EML Payments — Looking to a brighter future

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EML Payments

Looking to a brighter future

H124 results

Software and comp services

5 March 2024

Price	A$0.945
Market cap	A$354m
€0.60/A$
Net debt (A$m) at end H124		13.7

Shares in issue	374.9m
Free float	93%
Code	EML

Primary exchange	ASX
Secondary exchange	N/A

Share price performance

%	1m	3m	12m
Abs	12.1	6.9	101.1
Rel (local)	11.2	(1.9)	88.2

52-week high/low

A$1.26

A$0.41

Business description

EML Payments is a payment solutions company managing thousands of programmes across 32 countries in Europe, North America and Australia. It provides payment solutions for banking, credit and disbursement services, earned wage access, gifts, incentives and rewards, and open banking and FX.

Next events

FY24 results

August

Analyst

Katherine Thompson

+44 (0)20 3077 5700

tech@edisongroup.com

Edison profile page

EML Payments is a research client of Edison Investment Research Limited

EML Payments reported good growth in revenue and underlying EBITDA in H124, mainly due to the benefit of higher interest income. Management’s focus has been on the underperforming PCSIL General Purpose Reloadable (GPR) business, now in liquidation, resulting in the cost cutting programme shifting to H224. With that obstacle removed, management can now shift its sights to growing the remaining Gifting and GPR businesses and rightsizing the cost base.

Year end	Revenue (A$m)	PBT* (A$m)	NPATA** (A$m)	Diluted EPS* (c)	DPS (c)	P/E (x)	EV/EBITDA*** (x)
06/22	232.4	16.0	19.3	3.4	0	27.8	7.3
06/23	254.2	(22.8)	(27.0)	(4.9)	0	N/A	10.1
06/24e	262.1	27.5	26.6	5.7	0	16.5	6.7
06/25e	238.0	39.8	31.8	8.3	0	11.4	6.0

Note: *PBT and EPS are normalised, excluding amortisation of acquired intangibles, exceptional items and share-based payments. **NPATA, net profit after tax, excluding acquisition-related costs. ***Based on underlying EBITDA.

Interest income boosts revenue and profitability

EML reported strong revenue growth in H124 (+30% y-o-y) as it benefited from higher interest rates on float. Interest income nearly quadrupled year-on-year to make up 23% of revenue. Gifting revenue increased 15% y-o-y, GPR 38% and Digital Payments 17%. Underlying EBITDA increased 119% y-o-y to A$29.3m (19.5% margin), mainly due to the higher interest income contribution. Underlying overheads increased year-on-year, reflecting investment in multiple areas of the business but management is focused on reducing costs in H224 and FY25. The group generated cash of A$7.3m in H124 to end the period with net debt excluding leases of A$13.7m.

Making good progress with strategic review

With PFS Card Services Ireland Limited (PCSIL) now in liquidation, management is focused on separating PFS Limited (UK) from PCSIL and working with the UK regulator to remove the growth cap. There has been interest from potential bidders for Sentenial and management is working through this process. For the remaining business, management is focused on building the sales pipeline, retaining staff and investing in technology to drive growth and profitability. We have revised our forecasts to reflect the H124 performance. Our underlying EBITDA forecast for FY24 increases by 2.2% to A$55.7m and for FY25 by 4.7% to A$62.5m.

Valuation: Operational performance now the key

Since the liquidation announcement on 17 January the stock has gained 26% but continues to trade at a material discount to global payment processor and prepaid card peers on an EV/sales and EV/underlying EBITDA basis. Evidence of positive progress with the UK regulator and growth in the remaining business will be key to reducing this discount, with the potential sale of Sentenial another possible trigger for upside.

Review of H124 results

Exhibit 1 summarises EML Payment’s performance in H124. Revenue increased 30% y-o-y and gross profit 58%, mainly due to the benefit of higher interest rates on float (group interest income was A$34.7m in H124 versus A$9.0m in H123). Underlying EBITDA increased 119% y-o-y to a profit of A$29.3m before one-off costs of A$1.2m for remediation and litigation and A$2.6m for restructuring. The company also took a A$9.3m impairment for PCSIL intangible assets (part of the A$25m in expected write-downs for FY24) and recognised a A$1.7m fair value gain on the contingent consideration for Sentenial. Net debt (excluding leases) at the end of H124 was A$13.7m, compared to A$20.4m at the end of FY23. The company generated cash of A$7.3m in H124, with A$20.8m of underlying operating cashflow offset by regulatory remediation and litigation payments of A$7.0m, capex of A$5.6m and lease payments of A$1.0m

Exhibit 1: H124 results highlights

A$m	H124	H123	y-o-y
Group revenue	150.7	116.2	30%
Gross profit	110.8	70.0	58%
Gross margin	73.5%	60.2%	13.3pp
Underlying gross profit	110.8	78.9	40%
Underlying gross margin	73.5%	67.9%	5.6pp
EBITDA	25.5	(8.7)	394%
Underlying EBITDA	29.3	13.4	119%
Underlying EBITDA margin	19.5%	11.5%	8.0pp
Net debt	13.7	6.8	101%

Source: EML Payments

In January, the company extended the terms of the debt facility that was taken out to acquire Sentential. It was due to be repaid on 28 September 2024, but this has been extended to 31 March 2025. At the end of H124, A$48.8m was drawn on the facility with A$195m undrawn (A$145m acquisition facility and A$50m working capital facility). Also in January, the acquisition facility was cancelled as it is no longer required and the undrawn working capital facility was reduced to A$20m.

Divisional performance

The table below summarises the gross debit volume (GDV), revenue and gross profit of each division.

Exhibit 2: Half-yearly divisional performance

	H124	H123	y-o-y		H124	H123	y-o-y
GDV (A$bn)				Gross profit (A$m)
Gifting	1.17	1.06	10.6%	Gifting	30.4	27.2	12%
GPR	6.44	6.54	-1.6%	GPR*	70.2	42.6	65%
Digital Payments	67.78	41.79	62.2%	Digital Payments*	10.1	9.1	11%
Group GDV	75.39	49.39	52.6%	Group	110.8	78.9	41%
Yield (bp)
Gifting	334	321	13bp	Gross margin
GPR	154	110	44bp	Gifting	77.9%	80.1%	-2.2pp
Digital Payments	2	3	-1bp	GPR*	70.8%	59.4%	11.4pp
Group yield	20	24	-4bp	Digital Payments*	81.5%	86.7%	-5.2pp
Revenue (A$m)				Group	73.5%	67.9%	5.6pp
Gifting	39.1	34.0	15.1%
GPR	99.2	71.7	38.4%
Digital Payments	12.4	10.5	17.4%
Group	150.7	116.2	29.7%

Source: EML Payments. Note: *Underlying gross profit excludes one-off fraud costs of A$2.4m (GPR) and A$6.1m (Digital Payments).

Gifting: Incentives growth outpaces malls

Gifting GDV increased 10.6% y-o-y, with strong growth in incentives partially offset by weaker demand from US malls. This translated to revenue growth of 15% y-o-y. Corporate incentive revenue increased 37% y-o-y, while North American mall revenue declined 4% y-o-y. The yield increased due to a higher contribution from interest income: A$3.1m in H124 versus A$1.1m in H123.

GPR: Growth excluding PCSIL

The GPR division reported a 2% decline in GDV stemming from the deterioration of the PCSIL business. Excluding this, GDV was modestly up despite growth restrictions for PFSL (UK). Salary packaging in Australia saw good demand with active benefit accounts increasing 12% y-o-y. Interest income increased significantly, from A$7.5m in H123 to A$31.0m in H124 (of which A$12.7m was from PCSIL), driving the step up in gross margin.

The company provided data on PCSIL’s performance during the period (Exhibit 3). Stripping this out, the remaining GPR business revenue of A$55.8m was up 43% y-o-y and gross profit was up 47% y-o-y (margin 73.8%).

Exhibit 3: PCSIL performance H124 versus H123

A$m	H124	H123
Revenue	43.4	32.6
Gross profit	29.0	11.7
Gross margin	67%	36%
Underlying overheads	(20.5)	(16.1)
Underlying EBITDA	8.5	(2.1)
Net profit after tax (NPAT)	2	(6.5)
Cash burn	(3.2)	(12.2)

Source: EML Payments

As a reminder, the PCSIL business is being wound down and will not be included in the GPR division from H224 onwards.

In the UK, the PFSL (UK) business has undergone a third-party review for the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). The company will work with the FCA to seek the removal of the growth cap (this currently means that the business cannot sign up new customers).

Digital Payments: Sentenial 60% of revenue

GDV growth of 62% y-o-y was driven by Sentenial direct debit and open banking volumes, which increased by A$24.6bn y-o-y (+67%). Excluding Sentenial, digital payment volumes increased A$1.3bn or 26% y-o-y. Sentenial contributed A$7.5m of revenue, 60% of the total and up 34% y-o-y. The remaining business saw a 2% revenue decline to A$4.9m. Interest income makes up a much smaller proportion of revenue (4.7% in H124 versus 3.0% in H123).

The company is engaged in selling the Sentenial business. The deal will be subject to regulatory approval so is likely to take longer to complete than a non-regulated business.

Focus for H224

Management highlighted the four areas of focus for H224:

■

Remediation and separation: work with the FCA to lift the growth cap on PFSL (UK) and finalise the separation of PFSL (UK) from PCSIL.

■

Cost optimisation: cut costs in H2 and accelerate structural efficiency initiatives leading into FY25. See below for more detail.

■

Growth: building the sales pipeline for FY25; simplifying sales processes.

■

Strategic review: this includes the focus on selling Sentenial as well as strategic planning for the core business.

Outlook and changes to forecasts

Management maintained guidance for FY24 underlying EBITDA in the range of A$52–58m (+40–56% y-o-y).

Underlying overheads to reduce from H224

Underlying overheads in H124 totalled A$81.6m, up from A$72.1m in H223 and A$66m in H123. Cost increases on a year-on-year basis reflect investments in the leadership team, the ongoing strategic review, investment to strengthen risk and compliance, employee incentives for talent retention, one-off professional fees to stabilise and improve key operational areas and increased technology spend on new risk and compliance software and additional cloud-related costs. Management noted that the cost optimisation programme is behind schedule due to the focus on the PCSIL winddown and the ongoing strategic review. The company expects that underlying overheads excluding PCSIL will reduce by 5–10% h-o-h in H224 (ie to A$55.0–58.0m) as cost reduction activities accelerate. Further cost savings are expected in FY25, with net headcount expected to reduce by c 10% by year-end, less need for external professional services and a rationalisation of the ICT cost base.

Margin expansion for continuing operations

Our forecasts currently include PCSIL for H124 and exclude it from H224. We expect the company to report PCSIL as a discontinued operation for FY24, but do not have enough information to strip it out of our FY24 forecasts and FY23 actuals. We provide a pro forma table below that shows elements of our forecasts for FY24 and FY25 excluding PCSIL. The company expects costs for continuing operations to reduce by A$10–15m in FY25 versus FY24 and for continuing operations underlying EBITDA margins to increase by c 4–5% per annum for FY23–26. This assumes customer revenue growth of 5–8% per annum and interest yields moderating in the longer term (see below).

Exhibit 4: Pro forma metrics for FY24 and FY25

A$m	Published forecasts			Excluding PCSIL
A$m	FY23	FY24e	FY25e	FY24e	FY25e
Revenue	254.2	262.1	238.0	218.7	238.0
Gross profit	165.1	195.2	173.9	166.2	173.9
EBITDA	-2.6	49.7	62.5		62.5
One-offs	39.7	6.0	0.0		0.0
Underlying EBITDA	37.1	55.7	62.5	47.2	62.5
Underlying EBITDA margin	14.6%	21.3%	26.3%	21.6%	26.3%

Source: Edison Investment Research

Interest income contributing a growing share of revenue

Interest income made up 23.0% of H124 revenue, up from 7.7% in H123 and 16.5% in H223, with an annualised yield of 2.54% compared to 1.27% for FY23. PCSIL contributed just over a third of interest income in H124 with the next largest contributor being PFSL (UK). The chart below shows the breakdown of stored float at the end of H124 and the progression of interest income since H122. Central bank rates continued to move up during H124, but have now been stable for several months, so H224 should see the full benefit of the higher rates.

Exhibit 5: Stored float and interest income

Source: EML Payments. Note: 1: A$0.8bn of A$2.1bn cash in the stored float is held by PCSIL.

The company has undertaken optimisation activities to improve earned yields and expects interest yields to moderate in the longer term by 50–75bp from current levels (taking into account improvements in the yield from optimisation activities).

Changes to forecasts

We have revised our forecasts to reflect the H124 performance. We have reduced the final payout of contingent consideration for Sentenial from A$7.0m to A$5.3m. We have removed the portion of float related to PCSIL. Our underlying EBITDA for FY24 increases by 2.2% to A$55.7m, in the middle of the guidance range.

Exhibit 6: Changes to forecasts

		FY24e	FY24e			FY25e	FY25e
		Old	New	Change	y-o-y	Old	New	Change	y-o-y
Revenues	A$m	251.0	262.1	4.4%	3.1%	242.9	238.0	-2.0%	-9.2%
Gross profit	A$m	176.2	195.2	10.8%	18.3%	172.9	173.9	0.6%	-10.9%
Gross margin		70.2%	74.5%	4.3%	9.6%	71.2%	73.1%	1.9%	-1.4%
Underlying gross profit	A$m	176.2	195.2	10.8%	12.0%	172.9	173.9	0.6%	-10.9%
Underlying gross margin		70.2%	74.5%	4.3%	6.0%	71.2%	73.1%	1.9%	-1.4%
EBITDA	A$m	46.5	49.7	6.9%	-2016.3%	59.7	62.5	4.7%	25.7%
EBITDA margin		18.5%	19.0%	0.5%	20.0%	24.6%	26.3%	1.7%	7.3%
Add back one-off costs	A$m	8.0	6.0	N/A	N/A	0.0	0.0	N/A	N/A
Underlying EBITDA	A$m	54.5	55.7	2.2%	50.3%	59.7	62.5	4.7%	12.2%
Underlying EBITDA margin		21.7%	21.3%	-0.4%	6.7%	24.6%	26.3%	1.7%	5.0%
Normalised operating profit	A$m	28.7	32.5	13.3%	-269.7%	40.9	44.8	9.6%	37.7%
Normalised operating margin		11.4%	12.4%	1.0%	20.0%	16.8%	18.8%	2.0%	6.4%
Reported operating profit	A$m	(15.8)	(8.3)	-47.8%	-97.3%	21.4	32.3	51.1%	-491.5%
Reported operating margin		-6.3%	-3.1%	3.1%	115.7%	8.8%	13.6%	4.8%	16.7%
Normalised PBT	A$m	25.1	27.5	9.6%	-221.0%	37.3	39.8	6.7%	44.6%
Reported PBT	A$m	(19.4)	(11.5)	-40.7%	-95.9%	17.8	27.3	53.4%	-337.5%
Normalised net income	A$m	20.1	22.0	9.6%	-221.0%	29.8	31.8	6.7%	44.6%
NPATA	A$m	26.5	26.6	0.3%	-198.6%	31.2	31.8	1.9%	19.8%
Add back one-off costs	A$m	6.4	4.8			0.0	0.0
Underlying NPATA	A$m	32.9	31.4	-4.6%	541.1%	31.2	31.8	1.9%	1.5%
Reported net income	A$m	(15.5)	(9.2)	-40.7%	-96.8%	14.2	21.8	53.4%	-337.5%
Normalised basic EPS	A$	0.05	0.06	9.6%	-220.9%	0.08	0.09	6.7%	44.5%
Normalised diluted EPS	A$	0.05	0.06	9.6%	-217.8%	0.08	0.08	6.7%	44.5%
Reported basic EPS	A$	(0.04)	(0.02)	-40.7%	-96.8%	0.04	0.06	53.4%	-337.3%
NPATA/share	A$	0.07	0.07	0.3%	-198.5%	0.08	0.08	1.9%	19.7%
Dividend per share	A$	0.00	0.00	N/A	N/A	0.00	0.00	N/A	N/A
Net debt/(cash)	A$m	28.1	22.6	-19.6%	10.9%	0.8	(3.8)	-606.1%	-116.8%

GDV	A$bn	164.8	154.3	-6.4%	19.1%	174.8	174.2	-0.3%	12.9%
Yield	bp	15	17	2	-3	14	14	0	-3

Divisional data
GDV
Gifting	A$bn	1.8	1.8	0%	10%	2.0	2.0	0%	10%
GPR	A$bn	10.9	10.9	0%	-15%	9.5	9.5	0%	-13%
Digital Payments	A$bn	152.1	141.6	-7%	23%	163.3	162.7	0%	15%

Revenue
Gifting	A$m	84.6	79.0	-7%	6%	91.0	87.0	-4%	10%
GPR	A$m	140.1	157.5	12%	-1%	121.9	121.9	0%	-23%
Digital Payments	A$m	26.1	25.4	-3%	17%	29.8	29.0	-3%	14%

Yield
Gifting		4.60%	4.30%	-0.3%	-0.16%	4.50%	4.30%	0%	0.00%
GPR		1.29%	1.45%	0.2%	0.21%	1.29%	1.29%	0%	-0.16%
Digital Payments		0.02%	0.02%	0.0%	0.00%	0.02%	0.02%	0%	0.00%

Gross profit
Gifting	A$m	68.7	63.2	-8%	4.6%	73.9	70.0	-5%	10.7%
GPR	A$m	85.1	110.3	30%	18.0%	73.8	79.2	7%	-28.1%
Digital Payments	A$m	22.3	21.7	-3%	83.3%	25.2	24.6	-2%	13.2%

Gross margin
Gifting		81.3%	80.0%	-1.3%	-1.1%	81.2%	80.5%	-1%	0.5%
GPR		60.8%	70.0%	9.2%	11.0%	60.5%	65.0%	5%	-5.0%
Digital Payments		85.3%	85.4%	0.1%	30.8%	84.6%	84.8%	0%	-0.7%

Source: Edison Investment Research

Exhibit 7: Financial summary

	A$'m	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024e	2025e
Year end 30 June		IFRS	IFRS	IFRS	IFRS	IFRS	IFRS	IFRS
INCOME STATEMENT
Revenue		97.2	121.0	192.2	232.4	254.2	262.1	238.0
Cost of Sales		(24.2)	(32.9)	(63.8)	(74.6)	(89.1)	(66.8)	(64.1)
Gross Profit		73.0	88.1	128.4	157.8	165.1	195.2	173.9
EBITDA		29.7	32.5	42.2	34.3	(2.6)	49.7	62.5
Normalised operating profit		25.6	22.4	31.6	18.4	(19.2)	32.5	44.8
Amortisation of acquired intangibles		(7.5)	(11.1)	(20.2)	(16.5)	(18.2)	(10.0)	(10.0)
Exceptionals		(3.0)	(13.6)	(11.2)	1.4	(262.9)	(25.8)	0.0
Share-based payments		(4.2)	(6.1)	(5.0)	(3.0)	(1.8)	(5.0)	(2.5)
Reported operating profit		10.9	(8.5)	(4.8)	0.3	(302.0)	(8.3)	32.3
Net Interest		(0.0)	(0.7)	(1.4)	(2.4)	(3.6)	(5.0)	(5.0)
Joint ventures & associates (post tax)		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Exceptionals		(1.8)	1.3	(17.1)	1.8	23.9	1.8	0.0
Profit Before Tax (norm)		25.6	21.6	30.2	16.0	(22.8)	27.5	39.8
Profit Before Tax (reported)		9.0	(7.9)	(23.3)	(0.3)	(281.8)	(11.5)	27.3
Reported tax		(0.6)	0.7	(5.4)	(4.5)	(3.1)	2.3	(5.5)
Profit After Tax (norm)		20.5	17.2	24.1	12.8	(18.2)	22.0	31.8
Profit After Tax (reported)		8.5	(7.1)	(28.7)	(4.8)	(284.8)	(9.2)	21.8
Minority interests		(0.2)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Discontinued operations		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Net income (normalised)		20.3	17.2	24.1	12.8	(18.2)	22.0	31.8
Net income (reported)		8.3	(7.1)	(28.7)	(4.8)	(284.8)	(9.2)	21.8

Basic ave. number of shares outstanding (m)		249	304	360	371	374	374	375
EPS - basic normalised (A$)		0.081	0.056	0.067	0.035	(0.049)	0.059	0.085
EPS - normalised fully diluted (c)		7.812	5.489	6.579	3.398	(4.869)	5.736	8.287
EPS - basic reported (A$)		0.033	(0.023)	(0.080)	(0.013)	(0.762)	(0.025)	0.058
Dividend (A$)		0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00

Revenue growth (%)		36.9	24.4	58.9	20.9	9.4	3.1	(-9.2)
Gross Margin (%)		75.1	72.8	66.8	67.9	64.9	74.5	73.1
EBITDA Margin (%)		30.6	26.9	21.9	14.8	-1.0	19.0	26.3
Normalised Operating Margin		26.4	18.5	16.4	7.9	-7.5	12.4	18.8

BALANCE SHEET
Fixed Assets		162.9	872.1	685.3	827.3	581.3	511.6	498.1
Intangible Assets		104.6	371.7	350.1	448.5	192.5	153.8	140.0
Tangible Assets		5.4	14.6	11.2	12.7	10.6	11.3	12.0
Investments & other		53.0	485.8	323.9	366.1	378.3	346.6	346.0
Current Assets		313.8	1,008.6	1,603.5	1,855.1	2,413.2	1,745.3	1,721.7
Stocks		18.2	22.3	16.4	21.5	27.5	27.6	26.7
Debtors		14.4	21.7	22.0	35.8	38.9	39.3	36.0
Cash & cash equivalents		33.1	118.4	141.2	73.7	71.4	49.6	26.7
Other		248.2	846.2	1,424.0	1,724.1	2,275.5	1,628.8	1,632.3
Current Liabilities		(299.0)	(1,357.8)	(1,792.8)	(2,100.1)	(2,709.9)	(2,044.9)	(1,982.6)
Creditors		(33.9)	(47.5)	(62.9)	(65.7)	(82.3)	(68.3)	(56.2)
Tax and social security		(0.8)	(2.6)	(6.0)	(2.8)	(3.1)	(3.1)	(3.1)
Short term borrowings		(15.0)	0.0	(1.4)	(1.8)	(23.0)	(72.2)	(22.9)
Other		(249.4)	(1,307.7)	(1,722.5)	(2,029.8)	(2,601.5)	(1,901.3)	(1,900.4)
Long Term Liabilities		(33.5)	(82.6)	(81.1)	(145.2)	(110.1)	(41.7)	(42.5)
Long term borrowings		0.0	(35.8)	(36.9)	(81.6)	(68.8)	0.0	0.0
Other long term liabilities		(33.5)	(46.8)	(44.2)	(63.6)	(41.3)	(41.7)	(42.5)
Net Assets		144.2	440.2	414.9	437.1	174.6	170.4	194.7
Minority interests		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shareholders' equity		144.2	440.2	414.9	437.1	174.6	170.4	194.7

CASH FLOW
Op Cash Flow before WC and tax		28.4	31.2	41.2	33.3	(2.3)	49.7	62.5
Working capital		2.0	3.6	31.7	(68.4)	9.0	(29.4)	(11.7)
Exceptional & other		(0.7)	(12.7)	(17.3)	0.4	(2.6)	(0.7)	0.0
Tax		(0.6)	0.7	(5.4)	(4.5)	(3.1)	2.3	(5.5)
Net operating cash flow		29.2	22.8	50.2	(39.1)	0.9	21.9	45.4
Capex		(5.8)	(11.0)	(12.6)	(14.1)	(11.7)	(11.2)	(11.8)
Acquisitions/disposals		(44.0)	(142.5)	(3.5)	(57.1)	10.9	(5.3)	0.0
Net interest		(0.0)	(0.7)	(1.4)	(2.4)	(3.6)	(5.0)	(5.0)
Equity financing		0.4	240.8	0.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dividends		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other		(0.4)	(7.0)	(11.0)	(1.9)	(2.2)	(2.2)	(2.2)
Net Cash Flow		(20.6)	102.3	22.2	(114.6)	(5.7)	(1.8)	26.4
Opening net debt/(cash)		(39.0)	(18.1)	(82.5)	(103.0)	9.7	20.4	22.6
FX		(0.3)	(2.0)	0.6	(1.1)	3.4	0.0	0.0
Other non-cash movements		0.0	(35.8)	(2.4)	3.0	(8.4)	(0.5)	0.0
Closing net debt/(cash)		(18.1)	(82.5)	(103.0)	9.7	20.4	22.6	(3.8)

Source: EML Payments, Edison Investment Research

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